Cow: A female bovine (member of the Bovidae family) that has had a calf.
Ox: This term can be confusing because it has a few different meanings:
* Castrated male bovine: This is the most common usage. Oxen are typically used for work due to their strength and calm temperament.
* Any bovine regardless of sex: This usage is less common, but still found in some regions.
* Cattle in general: This is the least common usage.
Bull: A mature male bovine. Bulls are known for their aggressive behavior and are typically used for breeding.
Buffalo: A different species of bovine than cows, oxen, and bulls. Buffaloes are typically larger and have a different head shape. There are two main types:
* Water buffalo: Found in Asia and Africa, used for milk, meat, and work.
* American bison: Native to North America, often called "buffalo" but more accurately called "bison."
Key Differences:
* Sex: Cows are female, bulls are male, and oxen are castrated males.
* Species: Cows, oxen, and bulls are all the same species (Bos taurus), while buffaloes are different species (Bubalus bubalis for water buffalo and Bison bison for American bison).
* Purpose: Cows are primarily used for milk and meat production, bulls for breeding, and oxen for work. Buffaloes are also used for milk, meat, and work.
In summary:
* Cow: Female bovine that has had a calf.
* Ox: Castrated male bovine used for work.
* Bull: Mature male bovine used for breeding.
* Buffalo: A different species of bovine with distinct characteristics, found in various regions.