Cow Hoof Trimming

Preventative cow hoof trimming can help reduce lameness and claw diseases. The University of Kentucky recommends trimming dairy cow hooves two to three times a year, especially if cows are primarily confined to concrete surfaces. But correct hoof-trimming techniques are essential because improperly trimmed hooves are worse than untrimmed hooves. The University of Minnesota recommends that you begin hoof trimming under the supervision of a professional hoof trimmer or a veterinarian.

Things You'll Need

  • Tilt table
  • Gloves
  • Hoof knife
  • Hoof nippers
  • Rasp
  • Small board
  • Iodine
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Instructions

    • 1

      Coax the cow into a lying position on the tilt table. Restrain her with the straps, fastening them securely for the cow's safety as well as your own.

    • 2

      Begin with the hoof knife positioned at the back of one hoof heel. Trim a small layer off the back part of the hoof and slightly increase the amount removed as you pull the knife toward the front, or toe, of the hoof. Don't cut too deeply. If you see any pink tissue, stop cutting before you draw blood.

    • 3

      Shorten the toe and shape the hoof with the nippers, cutting from the underside. Scoop out the soles a bit so the cow's weight is on the outer walls of the hoof, cutting small amounts at a time so you don't injure the foot. Shape the hoof so it has proportions similar to a 2-month-old calf's hooves. This means a 45-degree angle at the toe. Avoid the common mistake of trimming too much from the toe, advises the University of Minnesota, which results in a rounded hoof bottom.

    • 4

      Use the rasp to smooth out any rough areas on the bottom of the hoof.

    • 5

      Check that the hoof will sit flat when the cow is standing by placing a small board on the bottom of the hoof. If this reveals any unevenness, trim as needed to make the hoof flat.

    • 6

      Repeat this trimming procedure on the cow's other three hooves. Aim for the same length and shape on all four hooves.

    • 7

      Treat the hooves with iodine. This will help the tender exposed part of the hoof to dry, as well as prevent bacterial growth.