Things You'll Need
- Dry, clean cloth
- Colostrum
- Calf bottle or bucket
- Calf nipples
- Whole milk or milk replacement
- Calf starter mix
Instructions
Feeding the Calf
Clean the calf by wiping it briskly with a dry and clean cloth immediately after birth. This helps to stimulate blood circulation. Do not rub the calf roughly, but the movement should be firm to properly cleanse and stimulate circulation at the same time.
Provide colostrum for the calf's first feeding. It is essential to provide the calf with colostrum for their initial feeding as colostrum is a natural secretion that is only produced by the dam for the first few days after birth and is necessary for proper nutrition and immune system growth.
Use a high quality colostrum supplement, or colostrum that has been previously milked from a nursing dam and frozen for future use, and feed 5 to 6 pints of the fluid to the calf during the first hour after birth and then again at the next feeding providing it is within 12 hours after birth. Frozen colostrum should be defrosted at room temperature and warmed by hot water only.
Feed the calf a transition milk for the first three days, then afterward use a reconstituted milk replacement or whole milk. Feed calves between three and five quarts of whole milk daily, or mix milk replacement and feed according to the directions available on the milk replacement bag. To prevent overeating that results in scours (diarrhea), divide feedings and feed twice daily.
Provide a calf starter mix and fresh water when the calf is about 4 days old. Replace the starter mix and water daily so that the food is always fresh and does not sour. If you see the starter mix or water is soiled, discard and replace immediately.
Wait until the calf is eating approximately 1.5 to 2 pounds of the calf starter mix daily for at least three or four days in a row before beginning to wean the calf from milk. Once the calf is weaned, begin to make changes in the grain mix, slowly adding more grain feed to the starter mix and lessening the amount of starter in the mix over a two-week period.
Calf Housing
Keep the calf separated from other calves in a stall that is draft-free, yet still provides good air ventilation.
Provide straw for bedding if the temperature is low, making sure to replace any soiled straw daily.
Allow the calf ample room for movement during the day, placing the calf in a small pen away from other calves to prevent suckling from each other.