- Relies on synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides to maximize crop yields.
- Often involves large-scale farming and mechanization.
- Can lead to soil degradation, water pollution, and loss of biodiversity.
2. Organic Agriculture:
- Avoids the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides.
- Emphasizes the use of natural methods, such as crop rotation, composting, and biological pest control.
- Aims to maintain soil health and promote sustainable agriculture practices.
3. Sustainable Agriculture:
- Combines elements of both conventional and organic agriculture.
- Focuses on reducing the environmental impact of agriculture while maintaining productivity.
- Includes practices like integrated pest management, precision farming, and conservation tillage.
4. Agroforestry:
- Integrates trees and shrubs into agricultural landscapes.
- Provides benefits such as soil conservation, nutrient cycling, and habitat for wildlife.
- Can also improve crop yields and provide additional income for farmers.
5. Permaculture:
- A holistic approach to agriculture that aims to create sustainable, self-sufficient ecosystems.
- Utilizes principles such as diversity, resilience, and closed-loop systems.
- Focuses on creating low-maintenance, productive landscapes.
6. Regenerative Agriculture:
- Emphasizes the restoration of soil health and ecosystem function.
- Utilizes practices such as minimal tillage, cover cropping, and composting.
- Aims to improve soil fertility, water retention, and biodiversity.