1. Loss of Transparency: The cornea, which is normally clear and transparent, starts to lose its transparency. This is because the cells in the cornea that maintain its clarity begin to break down and die.
2. Swelling and Clouding: Due to the loss of cellular function and the breakdown of structural components, the cornea may swell and become cloudy. The cornea's water content increases, causing it to lose its normal shape and optical properties.
3. Dehydration: As the decomposition process continues, the cornea loses moisture and becomes dehydrated. This further contributes to its clouding and decreased transparency.
4. Opacity: Over time, the cornea may become completely opaque, losing all its transparency. The cornea takes on a cloudy, milky, or whitish appearance.
5. Keratomalacia: In advanced stages of decomposition, the cornea may undergo a process called keratomalacia. This refers to the softening and disintegration of the cornea due to the breakdown of its collagen fibers and other structural components. The cornea becomes mushy and may eventually rupture or liquefy.
6. Bacterial and Fungal Growth: The deceased eye provides a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms can invade the cornea and contribute to its deterioration and further clouding.
7. Disintegration: In the later stages of decomposition, the cornea may completely disintegrate, leaving behind only remnants of its original structure.
The rate at which these changes occur depends on various factors, including temperature, humidity, and the presence of scavenging insects and microorganisms. In general, the process of corneal decomposition happens rapidly in warm and humid environments, while it may be slower in cold and dry conditions.