1. Corn (Maize): Corn is commonly used as a major component in cattle diets due to its high energy content and palatability. It provides starch and digestible fiber.
2. Barley: Barley is another cereal grain that is fed to cattle. It contains good levels of energy and protein, as well as fiber.
3. Wheat: Wheat can also be used in cattle diets, but its use may be limited due to the presence of gluten, which some cattle may have difficulty digesting.
4. Sorghum: Sorghum is a warm-season cereal grain that is grown in various regions and can be included in cattle rations as a source of energy.
5. Oats: Oats are known for their high fiber content and can be used in cattle diets to promote rumen health and support weight gain.
6. Rye: Rye is a cereal grain that is sometimes fed to cattle, particularly in areas where it is commonly grown.
7. Triticale: Triticale is a hybrid grain resulting from a cross between wheat and rye. It is occasionally used in cattle rations as a source of energy and nutrients.
8. Millet: Millet, such as pearl millet and foxtail millet, can be fed to cattle in some regions as a source of nutrients.
9. Grain Byproducts: In addition to whole grains, cattle may be fed grain byproducts such as corn gluten feed, corn distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS), and wheat middlings, which are obtained during the processing of these grains.
The specific combination and proportion of grains in a cattle diet depend on factors such as the animal's age, weight, production stage, and nutritional requirements. Cattle are often fed a balanced diet that includes grains, forages (like hay and silage), protein supplements, minerals, and vitamins.