1. Loss of habitat: Trees provide food, shelter, and nesting sites for a variety of animals, including birds, squirrels, bats, and insects. When trees are cut down, these animals lose their homes and may be forced to move to other areas, where they may not be able to find adequate food or shelter.
2. Fragmentation of habitat: When a forest is fragmented, it is divided into smaller pieces. This can make it more difficult for animals to move around and find food, mates, and other resources. Fragmentation can also lead to increased inbreeding, which can reduce the genetic diversity of a population and make it more vulnerable to disease.
3. Edge effects: When a forest is fragmented, it creates more edges, which are the boundaries between different types of habitats. Edge effects can include increased exposure to predators, wind, and sunlight, which can all make it more difficult for animals to survive.
4. Pollution: Deforestation can also lead to increased pollution, which can harm animals in a variety of ways. For example, sediment from eroded soil can clog streams and rivers, making them uninhabitable for fish and other aquatic animals. Pollution from pesticides and fertilizers can also harm animals by poisoning them or damaging their food sources.
5. Climate change: Deforestation can also contribute to climate change, which can have a wide range of negative effects on animals. For example, rising temperatures can make it difficult for animals to survive in their current habitats. Changes in precipitation patterns can also affect the availability of food and water for animals.
In conclusion, deforestation can have several adverse effects on the animals that live in and near trees. These effects include loss of habitat, fragmentation of habitat, edge effects, pollution, and climate change.