- Alleyway: A long, covered hallway that runs through the center of the barn.
- Banks: Sloped earthen areas next to the barn that are used to divert water away from the structure.
- Bays: Open areas within the barn that are separated by structural supports, each bay can accommodate one team of draft animals.
- Center drive: A central aisle wide enough to allow vehicles and machinery to pass through the center of the barn.
- Doors: The large swinging or sliding doors on the front of the barn that allow vehicles and machinery to enter and exit.
- Eave: The overhanging edge of the barn roof that helps protect the walls from rain and snow.
- Gambrel roof: A symmetrical, dual-pitched roof with two slopes on each side, providing more headroom inside.
- Girders: The main horizontal beams that support the roof and floor.
- Hayloft: The upper level of the barn used for storing hay and other feed.
- Joist: Horizontal beams that connect the rafters and support the roof.
- Mangers: Trough-like containers inside the barn where animals are fed.
- Purlin: Horizontal beams located at the top of the walls that support the rafters.
- Rafters: Sloped beams that support the roof.
- Ridge beam: The highest horizontal beam at the peak of the roof.
- Siding: The material covering the exterior walls of the barn.
- Silo: A tall cylindrical structure that is used for storing grain or other feed.
- Stalls: Individual pens or compartments within the barn where animals are kept.
- Threshing floor: A large, open area within the barn where crops such as wheat were formerly separated from the chaff by using a threshing machine.
- Ventilator: Openings, often in the gable end of a barn, that allow for air to circulate and regulate the temperature inside.