- Foraging: How to find and obtain food.
- Predator avoidance: How to recognize predators and avoid becoming prey.
- Mating: How to attract mates and reproduce.
- Social interaction: How to communicate and cooperate with other members of the same species.
- Navigation: How to find one's way from one place to another.
- Language: Some animals, such as dolphins and parrots, can learn to understand and use human language.
- Problem-solving: Animals can learn to solve problems in order to obtain rewards or avoid punishments.
- Tool use: Some animals, such as chimpanzees and crows, can learn to use tools to obtain food or solve problems.
- Cultural transmission: Some animals, such as chimpanzees and whales, can learn from each other and pass on knowledge from one generation to the next.