- Birds (especially herons and egrets).
- Fish.
- Snakes.
- Other salamanders (including cannibalistic axolotls).
- Crayfish or other invertebrates.
In captivity:
- Larger tankmates/predatory fish.
- Unsanitary water conditions may make an Axolotl susceptible to illness and weaken their immune system which may facilitate infections that could become life-threatening.