What are the steps in cloning?

Step 1: Obtain a somatic cell from a living donor organism.

This can be any type of cell, but skin cells and blood cells are commonly used.

Step 2: Remove the nucleus from the somatic cell.

This is done using a process called enucleation. The nucleus contains the DNA of the donor organism, which will be transferred to the egg.

Step 3: Obtain an egg from a female donor organism.

The egg must be unfertilized, meaning it has not yet been fertilized by sperm.

Step 4: Remove the nucleus from the egg.

This is done using the same process as enucleation.

Step 5: Insert the nucleus from the somatic cell into the egg.

This is done using a process called nuclear transfer. The egg now contains the DNA from the donor organism.

Step 6: Stimulate the egg to divide.

This is done by adding chemicals to the egg. The egg will then begin to divide and develop into an embryo.

Step 7: Implant the embryo into a surrogate mother.

The surrogate mother is a female organism that will carry the embryo to term and give birth to the clone.

Step 8: Allow the clone to develop and be born.

The clone will develop over the course of several months and will eventually be born as a healthy organism.