How do black rhinos interact?

Territorial:

- Black rhinoceros is a solitary animal, excluding when a female is with a calf.

- They establish and maintain their territory through scent marking, vocalizations, and aggressive displays.

- Their territories can range from 1 to several hundred square kilometers.

Courtship:

- When ready to mate, a female will leave scent marks and vocalize to attract males.

- Several males may compete for a receptive female, engaging in mock charges, sparring, and horn locking until one emerges as dominant.

Parent-offspring:

- After a gestation period of about 15-16 months, a single calf is born.

- The calf stays close to its mother for protection and nursing, which can last for up to two years.

- The mother teaches the calf essential survival skills, such as foraging and predator avoidance.

Agonistic:

- Black rhinos are known for their aggressive behavior.

- They use their sharp horns as a primary defense against predators or rival rhinos.

- When threatened, they will charge, swing their heads, and slash with their horns.