Behavioral Changes:
* Increased vocalization: Neighing, whickering, or calling out more often than usual.
* Restlessness and pacing: Walking around the stall or paddock, and displaying a general agitated demeanor.
* Frequent urination: This can be a clear sign, especially if the mare squats and lifts her tail while urinating, exposing her vulva.
* Tail swishing: Vigorously swishing their tail, often in combination with other signs.
* Standing to be mounted: Willingness to stand still when another horse approaches, typically a stallion, and allows mounting.
* Increased interest in other horses: May become more interested in the company of other horses, especially stallions, and show more playful or aggressive behavior.
Physical Changes:
* Vulvar swelling: The vulva becomes swollen and red.
* Discharge: A clear, sometimes slightly pink, discharge may be present.
* Mucus: Increased mucus production in the vulva.
* Heat-related changes: Some mares might exhibit changes in their body temperature, appetite, and coat sheen.
Hormonal Changes:
* Elevated estrogen levels: Hormonal fluctuations cause a surge in estrogen during estrus, leading to the physical and behavioral changes.
It's important to remember:
* Individual variation: Each mare can exhibit these signs differently, and some mares may be more subtle than others.
* External factors: Stress, weather, and other environmental factors can influence a mare's estrus cycle.
* Veterinary guidance: If you are considering breeding your mare, it's essential to consult with a veterinarian for proper monitoring and management.
By observing these signs and consulting with a veterinarian, you can ensure that your mare is properly managed during her breeding season.