What Are the Causes of Salmonella in Horses?

According to Dr. Philip Johnson of PetPlace.com, salmonellosis in adult horses usually occurs from disturbance of the normal flora, or from indiscriminate use of antibiotics that kill the good bacteria and allow the Salmonella to grow.

  1. Causes

    • Horses stressed by training, dietary changes, antibiotics or surgery are more susceptible to salmonellosis--gastrointestinal tract disorder--caused by the bacteria Salmonella. Toxins produced by the bacteria cause symptoms such as diarrhea, colic and fever, as stated by the New York State Animal Health Advisory website. Contact a veterinarian if diarrhea develops, as this is a serious condition in horses.

    Expert Insight

    • Little or no diarrhea is present in the early stages of Salmonella, but mild colic and fever is prevalent, suggesting the presence of the disease. Dr. Philip Johnson further states that as the disease progresses, the diarrhea becomes profuse, malodorous, watery and without form. At this stage the horse is uncomfortable, with tail switching and straining.

    Prevention/Solution

    • Since horses can contract Salmonella form other horses in shared paddocks and stalls, it is important to keep their quarters clean and dry. Remove organic material such as bedding and manure, completely wash all surfaces and apply a disinfectant containing chlorine bleach at regular intervals. These practices are necessary, as no vaccine against Salmonella exists, according to the New York State Horse Health Assurance Program.