Core Vaccinations (Generally Recommended for All Horses)
* Eastern and Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE): These are viral diseases transmitted by mosquitos. They can cause neurological problems, even death.
* Tetanus: This bacterial disease is caused by a toxin that enters the body through wounds. It can cause muscle spasms and paralysis.
* West Nile Virus (WNV): Another mosquito-borne virus, WNV can cause neurological disease and even death.
* Rabies: While rabies is not common in horses, it is a fatal disease. Vaccinations are essential in areas where rabies is present.
Other Important Vaccinations (Considered Based on Risk Factors)
* Equine Influenza: Highly contagious respiratory disease that can cause significant illness and even death in young horses. Vaccination is especially important for horses that travel, participate in competitions, or live in large groups.
* Strangles: Bacterial infection that causes a severe upper respiratory infection. Vaccination is typically recommended for young horses, horses that are frequently transported, and horses in high-risk areas.
* Rhino-pneumonitis (Equine Herpesvirus): This virus can cause respiratory illness, abortion in pregnant mares, and neurological problems. Vaccination is often recommended for pregnant mares and horses at high risk for exposure.
Factors Influencing Vaccination Decisions
* Age: Foals and young horses are more susceptible to certain diseases.
* Location: Geographical factors, like the presence of mosquitos or disease outbreaks, play a role in vaccination decisions.
* Use: Horses used for competition, breeding, or travel may require additional vaccinations.
* Health Status: Horses with underlying health conditions may require more frequent or different types of vaccinations.
Important Notes:
* Talk to your veterinarian: The best vaccination program for your horse is a collaborative decision between you and your vet. They will assess your horse's individual risk factors and recommend the most appropriate vaccines.
* Vaccination schedules: Most vaccines require a booster shot (or shots) to achieve full protection. Your vet will create a specific schedule for your horse.
* Effectiveness: Vaccines do not provide 100% protection, but they significantly reduce the risk of disease and its severity.
* Side Effects: Vaccines can sometimes cause mild side effects, such as soreness at the injection site or a slight fever. Talk to your veterinarian about any concerns you may have.
Remember, keeping your horse vaccinated is a vital part of responsible horse ownership. By working closely with your veterinarian, you can help ensure your horse's health and well-being.