Dental Issues:
* Malocclusion: This is the most common dental problem in rabbits. It occurs when the teeth don't align properly, preventing them from wearing down naturally. This can lead to painful chewing, difficulty eating, and even starvation.
* Dental Abscesses: These can occur when bacteria infect the roots of a tooth, causing pain, swelling, and potential bone damage.
Gastrointestinal Issues:
* GI Stasis: This is a serious condition where the digestive system slows down or stops working. It can be caused by stress, pain, diet changes, and other factors. Symptoms include decreased appetite, lethargy, and bloating.
* Hairballs: Rabbits can develop hairballs, especially long-haired breeds. These can cause blockages in the digestive tract.
* Diarrhea: Can be a sign of various problems including parasites, bacterial infections, or dietary changes.
* Gastroenteritis: An inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or toxins.
Respiratory Issues:
* Pneumonia: An inflammation of the lungs, often caused by bacteria or viruses. Symptoms include coughing, labored breathing, and lethargy.
* Pasteurellosis: A bacterial infection that can affect the respiratory system, as well as other organs. It can be fatal if left untreated.
Urinary Issues:
* Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): More common in female rabbits. Symptoms include frequent urination, blood in the urine, and straining to urinate.
* Cystitis: Inflammation of the bladder, often caused by bacteria.
Other Common Issues:
* Ear Mites: These microscopic parasites can cause intense itching and head shaking.
* Parasites: Internal parasites like coccidia and intestinal worms can be present in rabbits and cause digestive issues.
* Skin Issues: Ringworm, fur mites, and other skin conditions can occur.
* Obesity: Overfeeding and lack of exercise can lead to obesity, which increases the risk of other health problems.
* Injuries: Rabbits can be prone to injuries from falls, fights, and other accidents.
It's important to note: This is not an exhaustive list, and there are many other potential health issues that rabbits can experience.
How to keep your bunny healthy:
* See a rabbit-savvy veterinarian: It's essential to have a vet who is experienced with rabbits.
* Provide a balanced diet: High-quality hay should be the mainstay of your rabbit's diet, with supplemental fresh vegetables and a small amount of pellets.
* Regular exercise: Rabbits need daily exercise to stay healthy. Provide a large space for them to hop and play.
* Regular dental checkups: Rabbits need their teeth checked at least once a year, and more frequently if they have a history of dental problems.
* Monitor your rabbit for any changes in behavior or appearance: This is the best way to catch health problems early on.
Early detection and treatment are crucial for successful rabbit care. By being proactive and attentive to your bunny's health, you can help them live a long and happy life.