What Is an Equine Dipped Back?

Horses are occasionally prone to particular health conditions. One of these, known as either a "dipped" back or a "sway" back, is a condition in which the horse's spine curves excessively. This causes the horse's back to sink and give the look of a "dip" in the horse. There are special considerations to take note of when dealing with a horse that has a dipped back.

  1. Causes

    • The technical name for dipped back is lordosis, and its cause can be attributed to various factors. The condition can be genetic, especially in saddlebred horses. According to a study conducted by the University of Kentucky's Gluck Equine Research Center entitled "Genetics of Swayback in American Saddlebred Horses," lordosis is passed on to offspring if both the sire(father) and dam(mother) carry the recessive trait. In addition, older horses are prone to dipped back, simply as part of the aging process. Broodmares that have carried excessive weight due to multiple pregnancies may be especially prone. Horse conformation can also be a contributing factor; horses with longer-than-average backs may be especially at risk for back issues. Some suggest excessive rider weight can contribute to dipped back, but studies are inconclusive.

    Identification

    • A horse with a dipped back usually can be identified because its back is dipped in the center and the spine does not form a straight line from the horse's withers to its hip. To see the full extent of the condition, the Merck Veterinary Manual suggests radiographic examination.

    Riding Considerations

    • In general, horses may not show many signs of being uncomfortable as a result of having a dipped back. However, before riding a horse with dipped back, an examination should be performed to determine if the horse has any tenderness or pain. This can be done by gently pressing the muscle areas on either side of the horse's spine. If the horse reacts to the pressure by pinning its ears back, tensing up, trembling or trying to avoid your touch, the horse most likely is uncomfortable and not suitable for riding. If you don't see such signs immediately but notice the horse is reacting while riding, stop riding.

    Warnings

    • The condition is not necessarily correctable if your horse is starting to show signs of a dipped back, but there are steps you can take to prevent it from worsening. Keep exercising the horse, because its muscles are already weak, and a lack of exercise will make them weaker. Keep the horse from becoming overweight. Much like humans, excess weight can cause back problems in equines as well. Don't overburden the horse with a heavy rider, and if you ride with a saddle, be sure it fits the horse. You may be able to take short rides with a dipped-back horse, but be sure you are not causing the horse discomfort.