How to Identify Cushing's Disease in a Horse or Pony

If you horse or pony has failed to shed out their winter coat in the spring or you are noticing other symptoms that signal there may be something unusual happening with your horse's health, the animal could be exhibiting the telltale signs of a common, but potentially serious disease: Cushing's. The disease is slowly progressive, resulting from pituitary gland dysfunction.

Instructions

    • 1

      Cushing's disease, or Cushing's syndrome, is a slowly progressive disease resulting from pituitary gland dysfunction. Equine pituitary dysfunction is usually caused by a tumor on the pituitary gland. The disease usually occurs in older horses and ponies, age seven and up.

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      The most common clinical sign, occuring in 80 percent of horses with Cushing's, is a long, thick, curly hair coat with abnormal shedding. Additional signs include: poor hair coat; lethargy; narcolepsy; Laminitis -- an inflammatory condition of the feet that will be marked by lameness; excessive drinking of more than 10 to 12 gallons per day; excessive urination; weight loss and muscle wasting, especially along the neck, spine and hips; increased appetite; and recurrent infections.

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      If you recognize these signs in your horse or pony, contact your veterinarian. Cushing's disease shares many of the same signs as insulin resistance, making a vet exam crucial to correct diagnosis and treatment. A diagnosis of Cushing's is based on history, clinical signs and a blood test called a dexamethasone suppression test.

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      When treating the disease, do not overfeed high-energy hay or grain, as this will increase the risk of laminitis and horses with Cushing's are already at higher risk of laminitis. Drug therapy is recommended to decrease plasma ACTH/cortisol concentration. Your vet may prescribe one of two drugs used to treat the underlying condition: Pergolide or Cyproheptadine.