* Diarrhea: When the stool is too loose, it can bulk up and block the colon.
* Constipation: When the stool is too hard, it can also block the colon.
* Foreign objects: If your horse eats something it shouldn't, such as sand, hay twine, or toys, it can block the digestive tract.
* Parasites: Parasites such as roundworms and tapeworms can also cause impaction colic.
* Dental problems: If your horse has sharp or broken teeth, they can cut into the lining of the mouth and cause problems with eating, which can ultimately lead to impaction colic.
Spasmodic colic is the second most common type of colic, accounting for approximately 20% of all cases. It occurs when the muscles of the digestive tract go into spasm, causing pain and cramping. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
* Gas: Gas buildup in the intestines can put pressure on the organs and cause pain.
* Electrolyte imbalances: Electrolyte imbalances can disrupt the normal function of the muscles, leading to spasms.
* Stress: Stress can cause the muscles to tense up and go into spasm.
* Toxins: Toxins from plants or medications can also cause muscle spasms.