Infectious Diseases:
* Respiratory Diseases:
* Equine Influenza: Highly contagious viral infection causing fever, cough, and nasal discharge.
* Equine Herpesvirus (EHV): Can cause respiratory illness, abortion, and neurological problems.
* Strangles: Bacterial infection causing abscesses in the lymph nodes of the head and neck.
* Gastrointestinal Diseases:
* Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA): Viral infection causing fever, respiratory distress, and reproductive problems.
* Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA): Viral infection causing fever, weight loss, and anemia.
* Salmonellosis: Bacterial infection causing diarrhea, colic, and fever.
* Parasites:
* Roundworms: Internal parasites that can cause weight loss, colic, and poor coat condition.
* Tapeworms: Internal parasites that can cause colic and weight loss.
* Bots: Larval stage of flies that live in the stomach and intestines.
* Lice: External parasites that cause itching and skin irritation.
* Mites: External parasites that cause mange (skin lesions).
* Other:
* Tetanus: Bacterial infection caused by a wound, causing muscle spasms and stiffness.
* Rabies: Viral infection transmitted through animal bites, causing neurological problems.
* West Nile Virus: Viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes, causing neurological problems.
* Equine Encephalomyelitis (EEE, WEE, VEE): Viral infections transmitted by mosquitoes, causing neurological problems.
Non-infectious Diseases:
* Metabolic Diseases:
* Cushing's Disease: Hormonal disorder causing weight loss, muscle wasting, and laminitis.
* Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS): Condition characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, and laminitis.
* Equine Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (EPSM): Genetic disorder causing muscle problems and exercise intolerance.
* Skeletal Diseases:
* Osteochondrosis (OC): Abnormal cartilage development leading to lameness.
* Navicular Disease: Degenerative condition of the navicular bone in the foot, causing lameness.
* Laminitis: Inflammation of the laminae in the hoof, causing pain and lameness.
* Other:
* Colic: Abdominal pain, often caused by digestive problems.
* Eye Diseases: Cataracts, ulcers, and glaucoma.
* Skin Diseases: Dermatitis, eczema, and sarcoids.
* Dental Diseases: Tooth decay, gum disease, and overgrown teeth.
Note: This is not an exhaustive list. Many other diseases can affect horses. It's important to consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.