1. Immediate Action:
* Safety First: Make sure the foal is safe and warm. If the mare is aggressive, separate them.
* Observe Carefully: Note any signs of illness or injury in the foal.
* Call Your Veterinarian: A vet can rule out any underlying medical reasons for the rejection and advise on the best course of action.
2. Understanding the Reasons:
* First Foal Syndrome: This is common, especially if the mare is young or inexperienced. She may not understand her maternal instincts.
* Pain or Illness: The mare might be uncomfortable or in pain, making her reject the foal.
* Stress: Stress from a new environment, unfamiliar people, or other animals can lead to rejection.
* Previous Negative Experiences: If the mare has had a difficult birthing experience, she may be reluctant to bond with her foal.
3. Possible Solutions:
* Forced Nursing: This is a last resort and should only be done with veterinary supervision. The foal is held close to the mare while being allowed to nurse.
* Milk Replacer: If the mare is unable or unwilling to nurse, you can feed the foal a high-quality milk replacer.
* Foster Mare: Finding a foster mare willing to accept the foal can be a solution, but it requires careful introduction and supervision.
* Hand-Rearing: This is a demanding but sometimes necessary option. You'll need to bottle-feed the foal every 2-3 hours, provide warmth, and mimic the mother's interactions.
4. Additional Tips:
* Minimize Stress: Keep the environment calm and quiet. Avoid introducing new people or animals.
* Provide Comfort: Make sure the foal has a warm, clean, safe place to rest.
* Patience and Consistency: It takes time for the mare to bond with her foal. Don't give up easily.
* Seek Professional Help: If you're struggling, don't hesitate to consult with a veterinarian, experienced horse owner, or equine behaviorist for guidance.
Important Note: Rejections can be complex. While you can try to encourage bonding, it's essential to understand that not all mares will accept their foals, even with intervention. The well-being of both the mare and the foal should be your top priority.