Physical:
* Pain: This is the most common reason. Pain can stem from various sources:
* Back pain: Saddle fit issues, muscle strain, or underlying conditions can cause discomfort when ridden.
* Hoof problems: Lameness from a sore hoof, abscess, or other foot issues can lead to agitation.
* Internal issues: Colic, infections, or other health problems can cause discomfort and aggression.
* Reproductive issues: Uterine infections, cysts, or other problems during estrus can trigger aggression.
* Hormonal imbalances: Mares can become more agitated and reactive during their estrous cycle.
* Parasites: Internal parasites like bots or strongyles can cause discomfort and irritability.
* Poor nutrition: Nutritional deficiencies or imbalances can affect a mare's mood and behavior.
* Age: Older mares may be more prone to stiffness and soreness, making them more reactive.
Behavioral:
* Fear and anxiety: A mare may buck or rear out of fear of something, such as a loud noise, unfamiliar object, or perceived threat.
* Playfulness: Some young mares, especially those with a lot of energy, may buck and rear for fun, especially when turned out in a pasture with other horses.
* Dominance: A mare may buck or rear to assert dominance over other horses or even her handler.
* Stress: Stress from being confined, overwork, or other situations can lead to behavioral problems.
Training:
* Lack of training: If a mare hasn't been properly trained to accept a rider, she may buck and rear out of fear or confusion.
* Inconsistent handling: Inconsistency in riding, training, or handling can lead to confusion and reactivity.
* Negative reinforcement: If a rider uses harsh techniques or punishments, the mare may learn to associate riding with unpleasant experiences, leading to bucking and rearing.
Diagnosis and Solution:
* Veterinary examination: A veterinarian can identify any physical causes for the behavior, such as pain, illness, or parasites.
* Professional trainer: A qualified trainer can help identify and address any behavioral or training-related issues.
* Proper care: Ensure your mare has a balanced diet, regular exercise, and a comfortable environment to reduce stress.
* Patience and consistency: Training and handling a mare with patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement are crucial for building trust and reducing bucking and rearing.
It's important to consult with your veterinarian and a professional trainer for the best course of action. They can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend effective solutions tailored to your mare's individual needs.