Lameness
* Definition: Lameness is an abnormal gait or way of moving. It's a visible sign that something is wrong with the horse's legs, feet, or supporting structures.
* Cause: Lameness is caused by pain in the affected area, making the horse unwilling to put weight on the limb.
* Characteristics:
* Head bobbing: This is a common sign, especially in horses with foreleg lameness. The horse will lower its head when the lame leg hits the ground.
* Shortened stride: The horse may take shorter steps with the lame leg.
* Favoring the sound leg: The horse will often shift its weight to the sound leg to minimize pain.
* Stumbling: This can occur if the lameness is severe.
* Heat, swelling, or other visible signs: Often accompany lameness, depending on the underlying cause.
Tenderness
* Definition: Tenderness is pain that is elicited by pressure or touch on a specific area. It doesn't necessarily mean the horse is lame.
* Cause: Tenderness can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
* Inflammation: Such as tendonitis, arthritis, or abscesses.
* Bruising: From a recent injury or repeated stress.
* Muscle soreness: Following exercise or strain.
* Characteristics:
* Sensitivity to touch: The horse will react by pulling away or flinching when the tender area is touched.
* Increased heat: The area may feel warmer than surrounding tissues.
* Slight swelling: May be present but not always noticeable.
* May or may not be associated with lameness: Tenderness might not be severe enough to cause lameness. However, if it is, the horse will show signs of lameness along with tenderness.
Key Differences
* Visibility: Lameness is observable in the horse's gait, while tenderness is a subjective finding.
* Cause: Lameness is a response to pain and a change in movement, whereas tenderness is simply pain on palpation.
* Severity: Lameness implies a more serious issue that impacts the horse's ability to walk, while tenderness can be a minor issue or a sign of something more serious.
In Summary
* Lameness: A horse cannot walk normally due to pain.
* Tenderness: A horse has pain when a specific area is touched, but may still be able to walk normally.
Important Note: If you notice any signs of lameness or tenderness in your horse, consult a veterinarian immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing further complications.