What designates a miniature horse as horse?

Miniature horses are classified as horses due to their genetic makeup and shared characteristics with full-sized horses. Here's a breakdown:

* Genetics: Miniature horses belong to the same species, *Equus caballus*, as full-sized horses. They share the same basic genetic code and are capable of interbreeding with larger horses.

* Physical Characteristics: Miniature horses possess the same physical attributes as their full-sized counterparts, including:

* Hooves: They have single-toed hooves with a tough outer wall and soft inner layer.

* Skeleton: Their skeletal structure is fundamentally the same as that of larger horses.

* Digestive System: They have a similar digestive system with a large cecum, adapted for digesting grasses.

* Social Behavior: They exhibit similar social behaviors, including herd instincts and communication through body language.

* Evolutionary History: Miniature horses descended from larger horses through selective breeding. Their smaller size is a result of human intervention, not a separate evolutionary path.

Therefore, despite their size, miniature horses are still classified as horses due to their shared genetic heritage, physical traits, and biological characteristics.