Possible Causes:
* Insect bites: This is the most common reason. Flies, mosquitos, and other biting insects can irritate the skin around the hocks, causing itching and rubbing.
* Sweet itch: This is a severe allergic reaction to insect bites, specifically those from midges. It causes intense itching and often leads to hair loss and skin thickening.
* Skin infections: Bacterial or fungal infections can also cause irritation and itching.
* Allergies: Some horses are allergic to certain substances like pollen, dust mites, or even certain types of feed.
* Parasites: Ringworm or mites can infest the skin, causing itching and irritation.
* Physical irritation: Anything from tight leg wraps or bandages to chafing from the saddle or other equipment can lead to rubbing.
* Underlying medical conditions: Conditions like Cushing's disease or hormonal imbalances can sometimes lead to excessive itching and rubbing.
What to do:
1. Observe: Pay attention to when and where your horse rubs. Does it happen in specific conditions (e.g., during fly season) or after specific activities?
2. Examine the skin: Check for signs of bites, redness, swelling, scabs, or hair loss.
3. Consult a veterinarian: It's crucial to have a vet examine your horse, especially if the rubbing is persistent or accompanied by other symptoms. They can determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment.
Treatment:
Treatment depends on the cause of the rubbing. It could include:
* Fly control: Use fly sprays, masks, sheets, or other methods to deter biting insects.
* Antihistamines: For allergic reactions, your vet may prescribe antihistamines to reduce itching.
* Medications: Antibiotics, antifungals, or other medications may be necessary to treat infections.
* Special shampoos: Medicated shampoos can help soothe irritated skin and treat skin infections.
* Nutritional supplements: Certain supplements can help support the immune system and skin health.
* Addressing underlying medical conditions: If the cause is a medical condition, it will need to be addressed by your veterinarian.
Remember, it's essential to address the root cause of the rubbing to prevent discomfort for your horse and potential complications.