The conflict of Night John is centered around the oppressive social and racial dynamics in the Jim Crow era South, where African Americans faced severe discrimination, segregation, and limited access to education and opportunities. The novel highlights the struggles of enslaved people and the lengths they went to gain knowledge and literacy in a world that sought to keep them ignorant.
The primary conflict revolves around the main character, John, who secretly teaches other enslaved people to read and write at night, defying the laws that prohibited education for African Americans. This act of resistance against the oppressive system puts John and his students in danger, as any discovery could result in severe punishment, including beatings or even death.
The novel also explores the internal conflicts of the characters as they navigate their desire for freedom, equality, and self-expression amidst systemic oppression. John's own journey is marked by a transformation from fear and self-doubt to courage and determination as he becomes a beacon of hope for his fellow enslaved people.
Furthermore, the conflict extends to the white community, represented by characters like the plantation owner Mr. Waller, who are determined to maintain the status quo and enforce their power over the enslaved population. The resistance to education for African Americans is seen as a means to maintain control and prevent any disruption to the existing social order.
Ultimately, Night John presents a powerful portrayal of the struggle for civil rights, emphasizing the human desire for knowledge and the resilience of the human spirit in the face of oppression.