What are the basic parts of horse hoof?

The hoof wall: The hoof wall forms the outer layer of the hoof and protects the sensitive internal structures. It is composed primarily of keratin, the same protein that makes up human fingernails and hair. The hoof wall consists of three layers: the outer layer (epidermis), the middle layer (dermis), and the inner layer (corium).

The sole: The sole is the underside of the hoof and it bears weight when the horse is standing or moving. It is made of a tough, fibrous material called sole horn.

The frog: The frog is the triangular-shaped structure at the back of the hoof. It provides traction and helps to absorb shock. The frog is also made of sole horn.

The bars: The bars are two ridges of horn located on either side of the frog. They help to strengthen the hoof wall and provide additional support.

The heel: The heel is the back part of the hoof and it is also made of sole horn. It is important to keep the heel trimmed to prevent cracks and infections.

The coronary band: The coronary band is the area where the hoof wall and the skin meet. It is located just above the hoof wall.