How to Install an Undergravel Filter Aquarium

In order to be successful at keeping fish, you need to make sure your tank includes three distinct kinds of filtration. You need biological filtration, which uses friendly microbes to break down fish waste; chemical filtration, which eliminates harmful elements from the water; and mechanical filtration, which removes large particles from the tank. An undergravel filter can provide all three types of filtration, making it a good choice for both new and experienced hobbyists. But as with any piece of equipment, the undergravel filter must be properly installed in order to do its job.

Things You'll Need

  • Aquarium
  • Undergravel filter
  • Gravel
  • Plants
  • Gravel vacuum
  • Bucket
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Instructions

    • 1

      Place the bare tank on a sturdy stand and set the undergravel filter in place. Make sure the surface of the filter covers the entire bottom surface of the tank. If there are gaps around the edges of the filter, it will create "dead zones" where harmful bacteria can proliferate due to a lack of proper filtration. The two uptake tubes on the filter should be placed at the back corners of the tank.

    • 2

      Cover the entire surface of the aquarium with gravel. Use between two and three inches of gravel, and be sure to rake the gravel until it is even.

    • 3

      Use tall plants, either real or artificial, to cover the uptake tubes This will give the finished tank a more natural look and feel. You might want to consider adding so-called "power heads" to each uptake tube. These power heads fit into the tubes and provide aeration and water movement in the tank. They can increase the efficiency of the undergravel filter and provide a healthier environment for the fish.

    • 4

      Fill the tank with water by placing a large bowl in the center of the tank and slowly pouring water into it. This will allow the tank to fill without disturbing the gravel or decorations.

    • 5

      Purchase a few hardy fish for your new tank. Zebra and leopard danios are perfect fish for new tanks, since they are able to withstand sudden changes in water quality. The new tank will go through a setup cycle, with colonies of friendly bacteria forming within the filter. During this time, the quality of the water can change rapidly, so it is best not to introduce more delicate species until the tank cycling process is complete. This process generally takes at least a week or two.