Should I Use Gravel or Sand in My Aquarium?

Sand

• Sand is perfect for some larger fish tanks, especially those with real plant life growing within them, as it will give these aquatic plants something solid for their roots to grow into and keep them healthy and strong within the tank. It is also a more natural environment for most fish, as they are used to the sandy bottoms of lakes or oceans and feel more naturally at home in the fish tank. This reduces their stress levels and makes them healthier.

  However, some fish don't do well with sand in the water, as it can clog their gills, get into their mouths and eyes and make them sick, ultimately killing them over time from prolonged exposure. Goldfish are an example of this type of fish. Sand can also cloud the tank and get into your pump or other aquarium machinery, costing you money and time in repairs and cleaning.

Gravel

• Gravel also has its advantages and disadvantages when used at the bottom of a fish tank. Heavy and easy to install and maintain, gravel doesn't cloud the water, keeping what is happening inside the fish tank visible to outside observers and also keeping the water clean for the fish to swim and breath in.

  However, it is not necessarily the most natural environment for most fish, though how this affects them and their health is up for debate. Aquatic plants have a tough time growing in gravel, as the roots can't really take hold amidst the rocks. Gravel seems to be best for smaller tanks with faux plant life and fish that are sensitive to cloudy water.