Ideal Tank Conditions for Siamese Fighting Fish

Although hardy, Siamese fighting fish, also known as betta fish, rarely survive long in vases or small bowls. They do best in tanks of 10 gallons or more. Providing the optimal conditions in the tank maximizes the chances of a betta fish living for several years. Ideal conditions also reduce stress for the fish and improve its appearance.

  1. Tank Basics

    • The minimum tank size for a betta fish is 10 gallons, but the larger the tank, the better. Larger tanks provide more space for the fish to exhibit natural behavior. They are also more stable and easier to maintain. The tank requires a light, heater, filter and thermometer to provide the right conditions.

    Tank Accessories

    • Some tank accessories are necessary. Others enrich the habitat and make your aquarium more aesthetically pleasing. A 2-inch layer of gravel is almost essential. Aquatic plants and rocks provide a more natural environment for a betta fish and any tank mates. Plants also help to maintain water quality. Optional accessories include decorative items available from aquarium supply stores. Ensure that all accessories are sterilized before use and won't leak harmful chemicals into the water. Shells and limestone rocks are unsuitable for freshwater aquariums because they increase the hardness of the water.

    Tank Mates

    • Betta fish, especially the males, are extremely aggressive with each other, but can coexist peacefully with other species. Suitable tank mates are quiet, tropical fish adapted to the same environment. Guppies, swordtails and small tropical catfish make good tank mates. Avoid housing a betta fish with fish species prone to fin nipping, such as cichlids. Also, take care not to introduce a fish that looks anything like a betta, which might be attacked. Only introduce two or three new fish at a time and take care not to overstock. The average tropical tank can support 1 inch of fish per gallon of water, but it is best to leave some space in case some of the fish breed.

    Water Parameters

    • Maintain a water temperature of between 75 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Betta fish do best when the water has a neutral pH -- i.e. a pH of about 7. Monitor nitrate and ammonia levels weekly and increase the amount or frequency of water changes if nitrate levels climb above 25 ppm or ammonia becomes detectable.