* Male Bettas:
* Larger and more robust overall
* Broader head and wider body
* Dorsal (back) fin and anal (bottom) fin are long and flowing
* Female Bettas:
* Smaller and more slender overall
* Narrower head and body
* Dorsal and anal fins are shorter and less elaborate
2. Coloration
* Male Bettas:
* More vibrant and intense colors
* May have iridescent or metallic sheen
* Colors may vary depending on the breed
* Female Bettas:
* Duller and less intense colors
* Lack iridescent or metallic sheen
* Colors may be more muted or washed out
3. Behavior
* Male Bettas:
* More aggressive and territorial
* May flare their gills and fins when threatened
* May build bubble nests on the water's surface
* Female Bettas:
* More peaceful and less aggressive
* May hide when threatened
* Do not build bubble nests
4. Size
* Male Bettas:
* Can grow up to 3 inches in length
* Female Bettas:
* Can grow up to 2 inches in length
5. Genital papilla
* Male Bettas:
* Have a pointed genital papilla located on the underside of their body, near the anal fin.
* Female Bettas:
* Have a rounded genital papilla located on the underside of their body, near the anal fin.
Note: It's important to note that these are general guidelines and there may be some variation within each sex. Additionally, some Bettas may exhibit characteristics of both sexes, making it difficult to determine their sex. If you're still unsure, you can consult with a fish expert or veterinarian for a definitive answer.