Physical Issues:
* Bloating: Their stomachs become distended and can appear swollen.
* Constipation: Overfeeding can lead to a buildup of waste in their digestive system.
* Internal Organ Damage: Long-term overfeeding can damage internal organs like the liver and kidneys.
* Reduced Lifespan: Overfeeding weakens their immune system and can shorten their lifespan.
Water Quality:
* Increased Ammonia Levels: Undigested food decomposes and releases ammonia, which is toxic to fish.
* Poor Water Clarity: Excess food particles cloud the water.
Behavioral Changes:
* Loss of Appetite: Overfeeding can lead to a lack of hunger and reduced food intake.
* Lethargy: Overfed goldfish may become sluggish and less active.
What to do:
* Feed Less: The general rule is to feed goldfish only as much as they can consume in 2-3 minutes.
* Observe Your Fish: Pay attention to their eating habits and adjust the amount of food accordingly.
* Fasting: Occasional fasting days can help to regulate their digestive system.
* Water Changes: Regular water changes are crucial to remove excess food particles and ammonia.
* Quality Food: Choose high-quality, sinking pellets designed for goldfish.
Remember, it's better to underfeed than overfeed your goldfish.