Fish:
* Larger fish: Groupers, snappers, jacks, tuna, and even some sharks can snack on seahorses.
* Smaller fish: Larger damselfish, pufferfish, triggerfish, and some eels can eat seahorses, especially juveniles.
Other marine animals:
* Sea turtles: Some sea turtles, like the hawksbill sea turtle, enjoy seahorses as a part of their diet.
* Crustaceans: Crabs, lobsters, and shrimp can prey on seahorses, especially the smaller ones.
* Birds: Seabirds like gulls, herons, and terns may occasionally snatch seahorses from the water's surface.
* Cephalopods: Octopuses and squid are known to consume seahorses.
* Other invertebrates: Starfish, sea anemones, and some other invertebrates can prey on seahorses.
Human Impact:
It is important to note that humans also pose a threat to seahorse populations through overfishing, habitat destruction, and pollution.
Seahorses have evolved to be relatively slow-moving and rely on camouflage to avoid predators. Their lack of strong defenses makes them particularly susceptible to predation.