Invertebrates:
* Crustaceans: Crabs, lobsters, shrimps, barnacles, and amphipods are all popular prey for many benthic fish.
* Mollusks: Clams, mussels, snails, and squid are also common food sources.
* Worms: Polychaete worms, tube worms, and other types of worms are often found in the diet of benthic fish.
* Echinoderms: Starfish, sea urchins, and brittle stars are also consumed by some benthic fish.
Other:
* Detritus: Many benthic fish feed on decaying organic matter like dead plants and animals.
* Algae: Some benthic fish graze on algae that grows on rocks and other surfaces.
* Small Fish: Larger benthic fish may prey on smaller fish that live near the bottom.
* Plankton: Some benthic fish, especially juveniles, may feed on plankton in the water column.
Examples:
* Flatfish: Sole, flounder, and halibut often feed on crustaceans, mollusks, and worms.
* Cod: Atlantic cod are known to feed on crustaceans, fish, and squid.
* Rockfish: Many rockfish species are carnivores and feed on crustaceans, fish, and squid.
* Eels: Morays and conger eels are predatory fish that consume a variety of invertebrates, fish, and even small sharks.
It's important to note that diet varies greatly depending on the specific species, location, and time of year. Some fish may specialize in eating a particular type of food, while others are more opportunistic feeders.