* Larger Fish:
* Groupers: These are common reef dwellers known for their powerful jaws and predatory habits.
* Snappers: Another common reef fish with strong teeth capable of crushing shells and bones.
* Barracudas: Fast and aggressive predators that often hunt in schools.
* Sharks: While not specifically targeting spadefish, larger sharks like blacktip reef sharks might opportunistically prey on them.
* Other Marine Predators:
* Seals: These marine mammals can dive deep and hunt a variety of fish.
* Dolphins: Some dolphins, especially bottlenose dolphins, are known to eat fish like spadefish.
It's important to note that the specific predators of spadefish vary depending on the geographic location and specific habitat. However, the general trend is that larger, predatory fish are the main threats to spadefish.