Fish reproduction typically involves external fertilization, where the male releases sperm into the water and the female releases eggs. The sperm then fertilizes the eggs externally.
However, there are a few exceptions to this rule.
- Some fish species are hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. These fish can self-fertilize their eggs without the need for a separate male.
- Other fish species practice parthenogenesis, a form of asexual reproduction where females can produce offspring without fertilization from males. This is rare but occurs in some fish species like the Amazon molly fish.