* Lions: Lions are the top predator in many African ecosystems and are capable of overpowering even adult cheetahs.
* Hyenas: Spotted hyenas are known for their pack hunting and can overwhelm cheetahs, especially if they are outnumbered.
* Leopards: Although smaller than cheetahs, leopards are more agile and stealthy, making them formidable opponents.
* African wild dogs: While not as large as lions or hyenas, African wild dogs hunt in packs and can be a threat to cheetahs.
* Crocodiles: Cheetahs are vulnerable near water sources, where crocodiles can ambush them.
* Other large predators: Depending on the region, other large predators like African wild dogs, leopards, or even large pythons could pose a threat.
It's important to note that cheetah-on-cheetah predation can also occur, particularly when resources are scarce or when competition for food or territory is high.