- Crabs: Crabs are one of the most common predators of seahorses. They use their claws to break open the seahorse's protective armor and devour its soft tissues.
- Fish: Many species of fish, including tuna, swordfish, and sharks, prey on seahorses. These fish are much larger and more powerful than seahorses, and they can easily overpower and consume them.
- Birds: Some species of birds, such as gulls, terns, and pelicans, also hunt and eat seahorses. These birds use their sharp beaks to pierce the seahorse's armor and reach its soft tissues.
- Marine mammals: Some marine mammals, such as seals, sea lions, and porpoises, have been known to prey on seahorses. These mammals use their sharp teeth to crush the seahorse's armor and consume its soft tissues.
In addition to these natural predators, seahorses are also threatened by human activities such as habitat destruction, pollution, and overfishing. These factors are contributing to the decline of seahorse populations worldwide.