1. Remain calm and don't panic. Panicking can cause erratic movements, which can attract the shark's attention.
2. Maintain eye contact with the shark. This will show the shark that you are aware of its presence and are not a threat.
3. Slowly move towards the shore or a boat. Do not turn your back on the shark and try to move smoothly and calmly.
4. If the shark approaches you, try to make yourself look as big as possible. This can be done by raising your arms and legs and spreading out your body.
5. Do not attempt to touch or interact with the shark in any way. This can provoke the shark and increase the likelihood of an attack.
6. If you feel immediate danger, use a device (such as a spearfishing gun or a boat oar) to defend yourself. Aim for the shark's eyes, gills, or snout.
7. If you are attacked, fight back as hard as you can. Hit the shark in the eyes, gills, or nose. Try to stay calm and focused, and do not give up.
8. Once you have reached the safety of the shore or a boat, seek medical attention immediately if necessary. Even if you have not been injured, it is important to get checked out by a doctor to rule out any potential injuries.
Remember that shark attacks are rare, and by following these steps, you can help to minimize your risk of injury.