- Mistaken identity: Sharks often mistake humans for their natural prey, such as seals, sea lions, or fish. This is especially true in murky water or when a shark is hunting in a group.
- Territorial aggression: Some shark species are territorial and may attack humans who enter their territory. This is most common in areas where sharks live in close proximity to humans, such as popular swimming beaches or fishing grounds.
- Predatory behavior: While sharks do not typically prey on humans, they may attack if they feel threatened or if they are provoked. This can happen if a human is swimming too close to a shark, harassing a shark, or trying to steal its food.
- Other factors: Other factors that may contribute to shark attacks include the time of day (sharks are more active at dawn and dusk), the presence of blood in the water, or the use of certain types of fishing gear that may attract sharks.
It is important to note that shark attacks are relatively rare. In 2021, there were only 73 unprovoked shark attacks worldwide, resulting in 10 fatalities. This means that the chances of being attacked by a shark are extremely low. However, it is still important to be aware of the risks and take precautions when swimming in shark-infested waters.