Arctic:
* Seals: Ringed seals, harp seals, bearded seals, and hooded seals are all important prey for polar bears and Arctic foxes.
* Walruses: Walruses are a large prey animal for polar bears, especially calves.
* Fish: Arctic cod, capelin, and other fish are eaten by seals, walruses, and some birds.
* Birds: Seabirds like auks, gulls, and puffins are prey for foxes, polar bears, and other predators.
* Caribou: In some areas, caribou migrate to the Arctic, making them prey for polar bears and wolves.
* Lemmings: These small rodents are a food source for foxes, owls, and other predators.
Antarctic:
* Krill: These tiny crustaceans are the base of the Antarctic food web and are eaten by whales, seals, penguins, and fish.
* Fish: Antarctic toothfish, icefish, and other fish are consumed by seals, penguins, and whales.
* Squid: Squid are a prey animal for seals, whales, and some seabirds.
* Penguins: Emperor penguins and Adelie penguins are prey for leopard seals and orcas.
* Seabirds: Petrels, albatrosses, and other seabirds are prey for leopard seals and other predators.
Factors influencing prey availability:
* Season: The availability of prey varies with the seasons, as some animals migrate or hibernate.
* Location: Different regions within polar habitats have different prey species.
* Climate change: Changes in ice cover and ocean temperatures can affect prey populations.
It's important to remember that the predator-prey relationships in polar habitats are complex and interconnected. The decline of one species can have cascading effects on the entire ecosystem.