Narwhals are found in the Arctic Ocean, primarily in the waters around Canada, Greenland, Norway, and Russia. They inhabit deep, ice-covered waters and are well-adapted to their cold environment. Narwhals prefer areas with relatively stable ice conditions, such as fjords and bays, where they can find food and shelter. They are also known to migrate seasonally, following the movement of their prey. During the summer months, narwhals may move into shallower waters near the coast, while in the winter, they tend to stay in deeper, more ice-covered areas.
Here are some specific details about narwhal habitat:
Water temperature: Narwhals prefer water temperatures between -1°C and 4°C (30°F and 40°F).
Salinity: Narwhals are found in waters with salinities ranging from 25 to 35 parts per thousand.
Depth: Narwhals are found in waters ranging from shallow coastal areas to deep offshore waters. They have been recorded at depths of up to 1,500 meters (4,900 feet).
Sea ice: Narwhals are closely associated with sea ice, and they prefer areas with at least 50% ice cover. Sea ice provides narwhals with shelter from predators, hunting platforms, and access to their prey.
Prey: Narwhals primarily feed on Arctic cod, Greenland halibut, and other fish species. They use their long tusks to stun their prey before eating it.
Threats to narwhal habitat:
Narwhals face several threats to their habitat, including:
Climate change: Climate change is causing the Arctic sea ice to melt at an alarming rate. This loss of sea ice is disrupting narwhal migration patterns and making it more difficult for them to find food and shelter.
Pollution: Pollution from oil spills, shipping, and other human activities can contaminate narwhal habitat and harm their prey.
Hunting: Narwhals are hunted by indigenous peoples in the Arctic for subsistence purposes. However, overhunting can pose a threat to narwhal populations.
Conservation efforts are underway to protect narwhal habitat and ensure the survival of this iconic Arctic species.