How do penguins survive in tropical places?

Penguins do not typically live in tropical places, as they are primarily adapted to cold climates. The majority of penguin species reside in the Southern Hemisphere, where they usually encounter temperate, subantarctic, or antarctic environments. Penguins have specific physiological and behavioral adaptations that help them survive in cold conditions, such as thick insulating layers of fat and feathers, specialized vascular systems to conserve heat, and group huddling to share warmth. Penguins that inhabit warmer regions, like the Galapagos Islands, are found in coastal areas influenced by cool ocean currents, which provide a more suitable habitat for their needs.