Extinct species are those whose last individual has died, leaving no living members of that species. This can occur due to various reasons, such as habitat destruction, overexploitation, invasive species, climate change, or natural disasters. Extinct species become a part of the fossil record.
Endangered species:
Endangered species are those whose populations are at risk of extinction due to various factors. They may have reduced or fragmented populations, facing threats such as habitat loss, hunting, pollution, or climate change. Endangered species require conservation efforts and legal protection to prevent their population from declining further and becoming extinct.
Examples:
1. Extinct Species: The dodo bird (Raphus cucullatus), a flightless bird from Mauritius, is an example of an extinct species. It was hunted to extinction by humans and other invasive species in the 17th century.
2. Endangered Species: The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an example of an endangered species. It is native to China and faces threats from habitat loss due to deforestation and poaching. Conservation efforts are in place to protect giant pandas and their habitats.