Untreated Sewage: Inadequate sanitation infrastructure in the communities surrounding Lake Victoria result in raw or partially treated sewage entering the lake's waters.
Agricultural Runoff: Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in nearby agricultural activities pose a threat to the lake's water quality. Runoff brings pollutants, including nitrates, phosphates, and pesticides, into the lake, leading to eutrophication and harmful algal blooms.
Urban Runoff: Unmanaged urban runoff carrying garbage, chemicals, and pollutants finds its way into the lake during rainfall events, further compromising water quality.
Industrial Discharges: Industries located around the lake release wastewater containing potentially harmful chemicals and heavy metals into the lake.
Fishing Practices: Illegal fishing practices contribute to water quality decline by disturbing habitats and disrupting the ecological balance of the lake.
The water of Lake Victoria can be made safe for drinking through proper treatment processes such as filtration, disinfection, and purification. Boiling water before consumption is also a common method for safe drinking in areas around the lake. Communities and institutions working to raise awareness and address these water quality issues play a crucial role in improving the lake's quality and health.