The spill affected several major spawning areas of Pacific herring in the Prince William Sound, leading to a decline in the population and subsequent loss of recruitment to sustainable levels. The herring fisheries in the region have been unable to recover, and herring populations remain below historic levels.
Despite significant remediation efforts and natural recovery processes, the ecological impacts of the spill continue to hinder the recovery of the herring fisheries. The complex interactions within the ecosystem, including the dependence of other species on herring as prey, have been disrupted, resulting in a persistent challenge to restoring the fisheries to their former productivity.