How to Decorate Aquariums

Freshwater, brackish and marine aquariums can range in size from 1 gallon to more than 125 gallons, depending largely on what species you want to keep. Decorating an aquarium should be a primary concern rather than an afterthought, as you can combine live plants, plastic plants, substrates and other decorations and elements to create an ideal living environment for your aquatic species.

Things You'll Need

  • Aquarium
  • Aquatic plants
  • Substrate
  • Aquarium decor
  • Fish
Show More

Instructions

  1. Design

    • 1

      Decide what type of aquarium you want to create. Freshwater, saltwater and brackish aquariums have unique requirements for substrates, plants and decorations. If you want a planted tank, a live rock tank or a basic freshwater aquarium, this will impact what types of decorations you incorporate.

    • 2

      Choose the plants that you want to include in your aquarium, if any. If you are introducing live plants into your aquarium, consider the necessary substrates since most plants have specific substrate requirements beyond simple colored gravel.

    • 3

      Select a substrate based on the type of fish and plants that will be in your aquarium. A basic goldfish or tropical fish tank can accommodate nearly any type of gravel like rocks, stones or marbles. Planted tanks require nutrient-rich peat, pea gravel and other natural substrates. Some fish species prefer sand or other substrates that they can dig into.

    • 4

      Choose decorations that accommodate the fish species you intend to house. Some fish species are aggressive or shy, and require hiding places. If you intend to breed tropical freshwater fish, choose decorations that provide plenty of cover for helpless fry. Do not overcrowd your aquarium, in case you need to add additional plants or cover later.

    • 5

      Arrange the plants and decor in the tank without water or substrate as a test run. Make sure that you are satisfied with the arrangement.

    Installation

    • 6

      Install the substrate in the bottom of the aquarium. Most aquariums only require between 1/2 inch and 1 inch of substrate. Planted aquariums may require more substrate in layers to provide ample nutrients and protection of the root structure from fish.

    • 7

      Install large decorations in the background and work from large to small when adding in new items. Make sure to leave room for your plants.

    • 8

      Install your plants last, making sure that they are firmly planted so they do not float away. Some plants may need to be anchored to other decorations until they can establish root structures.

    • 9

      Add water to the aquarium with your water conditioner and a product that promotes good plant health if you added plants. Give the aquarium time to set up properly before adding fish to the environment.