Why is my fish lying at the bottom of tank. It also has strange black smudges on its fins?

Possible causes:

1. Environmental Parameters Issues:

> - Check the water quality for factors like ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, pH, and temperature to make sure they are within suitable ranges for tropical fish.

> - Consider if any recent changes or stressors happened (overcrowding, new decorations, medications).

2. Oxygen Deficiency:

> - Insufficient oxygen dissolved in the water. Aeration devices can add more oxygen.

3. Infections or Injuries:

> - Bacterial infections can look like 'smudges' and may cause lethargy and bottom-dwelling. Treatment may be possible with appropriate medications.

> - Inspect for physical damage and isolate potentially aggressive community tank mates while they recover.

4. Parasitic Infection:

> - Parasitic infections of the skin or gills that might lead to discoloration, lethargy and fin issues.

Action

- Isolate the affected fish immediately to avoid potential transfer.

- If it seems that smudges originate from the decorations of substrate, move the fish to ensure it's not a simple color reflection.