Average lifespan:
* In the wild: 3-5 years, with some species living up to 10 years.
* In captivity: Up to 15 years, with proper care and conditions.
Factors influencing lifespan:
* Species: Some species are naturally longer-lived than others.
* Water quality: Clean, well-oxygenated water with stable temperature and pH levels is crucial.
* Food availability: A balanced diet with sufficient nutrients is essential.
* Predation: Crayfish are prey for various animals, so predation can limit their lifespan.
* Disease: Crayfish are susceptible to various diseases, especially in crowded or stressful environments.
Examples of lifespan in different species:
* Red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii): 3-5 years in the wild, up to 10 years in captivity.
* Signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus): 5-10 years in the wild, up to 15 years in captivity.
* White River crayfish (Cambarus diogenes): 2-3 years in the wild.
Note: These are just averages. Individual crayfish can live longer or shorter depending on specific circumstances.