Characteristics of Small-Scale Fisheries:
- Low Capital Investment: Small-scale fisheries typically have low capital investment, with fishers using simple gears, locally-made boats, and basic technologies.
- Multi-Species Catch: Unlike larger commercial fishing operations that target specific species, small-scale fisheries often catch a variety of fish species, depending on seasonal availability and local market demands.
- Artisanal Methods: Small-scale fisheries often use traditional and artisanal fishing techniques passed down through generations. These techniques may include traps, nets, longlines, and hook-and-line fishing.
- Local Markets: Small-scale fisheries primarily target local markets, supplying fresh fish to nearby communities, restaurants, and markets.
- Diverse Fishermen: Small-scale fisheries involve diverse groups of fishers, including men, women, and families. These fishers often have a deep connection to their local marine ecosystems and communities.
- Sustainability Focus: Small-scale fisheries can play an important role in sustainable fishing practices, as they have a lower environmental impact compared to large-scale commercial fisheries. They can contribute to the conservation of fish stocks and marine biodiversity.
- Livelihood Support: Small-scale fisheries provide livelihoods for coastal communities, contributing to food security and poverty alleviation in many developing countries.
- Cultural Significance: Small-scale fisheries are often deeply rooted in local cultures and traditions. They can have cultural and historical importance, contributing to the identity and heritage of coastal communities.
- Challenges: Small-scale fisheries face several challenges, including competition from larger commercial fishing operations, overexploitation of fish stocks, limited access to resources, and vulnerability to environmental changes and market fluctuations.
Despite their challenges, small-scale fisheries remain an important part of the global fishing industry, contributing to local food systems and economies, preserving cultural practices, and supporting sustainable fishing practices.